*** 1\2 (out of ****)
Watching "Love and Death" (1975) - which is celebrating its 50th anniversary - I was immediately reminded of the joy of seeing Woody Allen perform on-screen. This year also marks the 60th anniversary of Allen's screen debut in "What's New Pussycat?" (1965), which he also wrote. In fact, deciding on which Allen movie to honor this year was a difficult endeavor. Several of Allen's films are celebrating anniversaries - 60th anniversary for "Pussycat", 50th for "Love and Death", 40th for "The Purple Rose of Cairo" (1985), 30th for "Mighty Aphrodite" (1995), 20th for "Match Point" (2005), and 10th for "Irrational Man" (2015). It made me consider forgetting a single review and just write about the 60 year screen legacy of Woody Allen and comment on his contributions and influence. I've decided to split the difference and review "Love and Death" and still find space to discuss Allen's legacy.
By the time Allen wrote, starred in and directed "Love and Death" he had four directorial efforts under his belt, not to mention acting and writing in "Pussycat" and "writing" and doing voice-over work for "What's Up, Tiger Lilly" (1966) and adapting his Broadway play "Play It Again, Sam" (1972) into a movie screenplay, for which he reprised his role but did not direct - Herbert Ross did. Needless to say the public had come to know and laugh at and with Woody Allen prior to this film's release. By transitioning his stand-up comic persona into his feature films, the audience felt they knew "Woody", a loveable loser who reflected on the social and emotional hang-ups of a generation. Allen was able to incorporate that persona in "Love and Death" and I believe, though it may not have been Allen's intention, create a bridge between his "early, funny" pictures and the shift to more thought-provoking efforts such as "Annie Hall" (1977) and "Manhattan" (1979). Rewatching "Love and Death" - the title I suppose is meant to invoke Tolstoy's War and Peace - I see we get a fuller commentary on the issues of love, relationships, and death that Allen would further explore in his later works.
"Love and Death" is Allen's comedic riff on Russian literature, philosophy, and existentialism. We didn't get much of that in his prior comedies such as "Take the Money and Run" (1969) - my personal favorite - or "Bananas" (1971). While it is easy to look at "Love and Death" as nothing more than one of Allen's early, silly excursions, it is actually a more mature effort. It is evident watching it, Allen had become a more confident director, willing to broaden his scope of comedy targets and use the camera more for visual jokes. Allen seemed to foreshadow and acknowledge as much back in 1972 when talking to author Eric Lax for his book Conversations with Woody Allen. At the time Allen said "I have to think of myself as learning all the time. I can't think that I'm a guy who does surreal comedy and that's all I'm going to do. I feel that over the next couple of years I should experiment with various styles of comedy."
Allen pretty much fulfilled that promise. "Take the Money and Run" used the documentary format, "Sleeper" (1973) used science-fiction and silent slapstick comedy, and "Love and Death" took aim at the historical epic. Each comedy had a different aesthetic and sensibility. This also benefitted his on-screen persona the same way it did Laurel & Hardy or Jerry Lewis. The pleasure was seeing the "Woody" persona in new environments, facing new challenges. So why not make him a failed gangster, or send him to Latin America during a revolution, or into the future or 19th century Russia? Because the audience identified with the character so closely and anticipated his behavior, we laugh at the idea of placing him in these unusual situations. Allen and his comedies succeed due to character based humor more so than plot based.
And so in "Love and Death" Allen capitalized on this by giving his character familiar personality facets, thus his character Boris is the youngest of three brothers who is a coward that doesn't want to fight against Napoleon's army - "What good is war? We kill a few Frenchmen, they kill a few Russians. Next thing you know, its Easter." Instead he is a sensitive soul who dreams of becoming a poet and is secretly in love with his cousin Sonja (Diane Keaton) who doesn't share his feelings but is in love with one of Boris' more masculine brothers, Ivan (Henry Czarniak).
Here Allen touches upon a reliable comedy theme - masculinity. Going back to the days of Allen's heroes like Bob Hope, comedies have often featured comedians as timid men longing from afar for the affection of a beautiful woman, who doesn't notice them. Her affections are usually for a more muscular male. By the end of the comedy it will be up to the comedian to prove himself by confronting the brute. Allen understands this and in "Love and Death" creates the comedic contrast of having timid Boris not only begrudgingly enlist in the army but turns him into an inadvertent hero becoming a decorated solider.To me Allen's "old fashion" approach to comedy is what made him so unique when he came onto the public scene. The stand-up and film comedy landscape was changing in the 1960s and 1970s. This era of comedy is best epitomized by comic Lenny Bruce and later on George Carlin - transforming himself from the hippie weatherman to an edgier commentator of pop culture - Richard Pryor and Mel Brooks. These were men willing to work "blue" but could tone it down when on TV. Meanwhile Allen, who always had a "clean" comedy act, was instantly celebrated as a new dynamic voice when he debuted. It was "new" by being "old". While others were looking to either change the comedy landscape or keep up with those changes, Allen went back to basics and drew inspiration from Bob Hope and the Marx Brothers - Groucho in particular. There is a scene in "Love and Death" where Boris and Sonja are being introduced to another character. It is a merry-go-round of introductions that recalls a scene from the Marx Brothers comedy "A Night at the Opera" (1935). In another scene Allen scraps most of the sound only allowing us to hear the sound effects of a bottle clunking Keaton's Sonja on the head repeatedly as Allen's Boris engages in the kind of balletic movements associated with Charlie Chaplin.
But Allen didn't solely rely on the past. He was a contemporary figure that could comment on events of the day. During his stand-up act he once referred to the Warren Report as one of the greatest pieces of fiction he ever read. That's what sets the dialogue in "Love and Death" apart from other previous efforts by Allen. The combination of the old-fashion sensibility mixed with modern day concerns. The film begins with a narration of Boris explaining he is about to be executed for a crime he didn't commit - a Kafkaesque scenario if there ever was one. But then muses isn't all of mankind ultimately in the same boat. It has been said - by Allen no less - that there is wisdom in jokes. And here this sentiment gives us some food for thought. Is anyone truly innocent? Allen however then goes for the zinger - "the difference is all men go eventually, I go at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning. It would have been 5 but I got a smart lawyer. Got leniency." This will be Allen's method to finding humor in "Love and Death". A little bit of seriousness brought down to size by a one-liner. The greatest example of this may be an exchange between Boris and Sonja discussing the meaning of morality, objectivity and subjectivity. It's exaggerated logic is a masterclass in comedy writing.
Another thing to point out is between "Sleeper" and "Love and Death", Allen gives the female character more to do. In "Take the Money and Run" the comedy rested solely on Allen's shoulders. The female role is merely an after thought and / or plays straight man for Allen's character. Allen began to give a little more consideration to the famale role in "Bananas" with Louise Laser - who was a very good actress and Allen's great love. It is in that movie Allen began his tradition of writing neurotic female characters. All of which were based on Laser. In both "Sleeper" and "Love and Death" Allen is working opposite Keaton and makes her characters much more activate participants in the comedy. Keaton is more than up to the task, being able to stand toe to toe with Allen in the physical comedy and one-liners. Up until this point in his career, "Love and Death" may have the funniest role for a female character that Allen had written.
"Love and Death" received some great reviews when it was released. In Vincent Canby's New York Times review he called it Allen's "grandest work" and continued his praise writing it was "one of Woody's most consistently witty films". Chicago Sun-Times critic Roger Ebert felt Allen had outdone himself with this comedy declaring "Love and Death" is his most ambitious experiment with the comic possibilities of film." Ebert's television partner and Chicago Tribune critic Gene Siskel named "Love and Death" as one of the best films of 1975, placing it in the number three spot on his year end top ten list behind Robert Altman's "Nashville" (1975) and Michelangelo Antonioni's "The Passenger" (1975).
Unfortunately though "Love and Death" would be the last of Allen's out and out silly comedies before making a shift and setting his films in a new direction with "Annie Hall". In Stig Bjorkman's wonderful book Woody Allen on Woody Allen, a film by film discussion between the two, Allen says of "Annie Hall" "it was a major turning point for me. I had the courage to abandon...just clowning around and the safety of complete broad comedy."
But 50 years later it is comedies like "Love and Death" that many of Allen's fans fondly remember and wish he had come back to in his career. These films presented Allen as a wise-cracking, franticly hand gesturing coward. It was an image Allen was never able to shed. The persona would admittedly grow in films like "Annie Hall" and "Manhattan" but it would also take on a more intellectual, left-wing dimension.Allen and his films would go on to be a major influence on several comedians and films that followed. Without "Annie Hall" and "Manhattan" alone you wouldn't have had a range of romantic comedies from "When Harry Met Sally" (1989), "Modern Romance" (1980), "(500) Days of Summer" (2009), "Sidewalks of New York" (2001), "Down to You" (2000) or the wonderful films of Whit Stillman - "Metropolitan" (1990) and "Barcelona" (1994). Allen made an art out of Jewish middle-class insecurity and his influence could be seen on comedians like Billy Crystal, Garry Shandling, Richard Lewis, Albert Brooks, and Larry David.
Sadly there is a generation of younger movie fans that probably don't realize the cultural impact Woody Allen had and fully appreciate his influence on comedy. This is due in part to his age and his decision not to appear in his films anymore. Allen turned 89 years old last year and made his last on-screen appearance in "To Rome With Love" (2012). Then there is the controversial nature of sexual molestation charges brought forth by Allen's step-daughter Dylan Farrow stemming back from 1992. Those charges made it back in the headlines thanks to Allen's biological son Ronan Farrow and Dylan during the height of the #MeToo movement. It resulted in a collective effort by Hollywood to erase the existence and legacy of Woody Allen. Therefore you have a generation that only identifies Allen to this story. In their world Allen was some old comedian that turned out to be a pervert. "Movie critics" (sheep) don't even review his films anymore. The last Allen film to be reviewed in the Chicago Tribune or the Chicago Sun-Times was "Wonder Wheel" (2017). The "movie critics" took out their blades to discredit both the film and Woody Allen the man. Since "Wonder Wheel" however there has been "A Rainy Day in New York" (2019), "Rifkin's Festival" (2020, released in the U.S. 2022), and "Coup de Chance" (2024), Allen first French language film. Each ran into issues finding American distribution, had limited theatrical runs in a limited amount of theaters, no heavy press, and naturally ignored and shut out of any American award ceremonies. Rumors have grown that "Coup de Chance" may have been Allen's final film. What a discouraging end to Allen's legacy.
In a digital world of streaming movies, it is very easy to make the public forget who Woody Allen is. All they have to do is simply not stream the films on any platform. I don't have subscriptions to many of them but tell me, are Allen's films currently streaming on Netflix, Paramount Plus, Peacock or HBO Max? Luckily I own all of Allen's films and can watch them whenever I please. It lends itself to a major issue in the streaming and digital world. It's not just about being able to watch a Woody Allen film but the idea that others can control information. It doesn't take much to remove a news article from a website, a google search or bury it. I'll give you a quick example, the Chicago Sun-Times endorsed Republican candidate for Illinois governor, Bruce Rauner, when he first ran for office in 2014. That editorial is gone. The Sun-Times removed it from their website. There are articles that exist however from other publications that referenced it - it was a shocking move on the paper's part because it had previously expressed it would no longer make endorsements and when it did had normally endorsed Democratic candidates - but you cannot read the actual editorial anymore.
"Love and Death" is an extremely funny and enjoyable comedy that even 50 years later still holds up. Allen's worldview, a distrustful look at government, war and religion has remained relevant. Maybe Allen is more subtle than I realize but "Love and Death" does capture the public sentiment of the Vietnam War era. It's not something I came across in reviews for the film. No critic drew this connection. "Love and Death" may be my second favorite of Allen's early comedies behind "Take the Money and Run". It has proven to be a comedy classic.